You went to the library (past tense) so its 行きました. If its 図書館に行きます its just saying you're going to the library. And I would use the particle に instead of へ. 行きました is not "passive" by the way.
Do you mean 「。」? It's just a full stop using the Japanese script.
The ー in カード is NOT ichi...its the hyphen key on the Japanese script. カード = Kaado
ほど(程) (no "u") does mean [about]. Example 十年間ほど = for about 10 years. But to say [maybe it took more than 3 hours to travel (there)] = 図書館まで三時間くらい掛かりました = It took about 3 hours to get to the library. I think it would be better to use くらい which also means [about] in this case. You shouldnt translate "travel" = 旅行 literally.
本を読みました = I read a book ; 本を読んでいました = I was reading books
Oh and there's a few more fundamental differences than what you've picked up on
i just readed this last week on book about particles all this three in a row ほど,まで and ばかり had about .. as a posibble meaning maybe made means just about
as if you just assumes it took me about 1 hour to post my journal
oh i wasn't sure what you meant... well
"The librarian gave me my card" is 図書館員が私のカードをくれました
or "I gave the librarian my card" is 図書館員に私のカード(カード should be enough though)をあげました
If you wanted to say "I ate lunch and (then) continued reading" = 昼食を食べて...
But if you wanted to say "After I ate lunch I continued reading" = 昼食を食べた後で...
It would help if you could provide english translations for what you "wanted" to say